使用kubeadm部署高可用IPV4/IPV6集群
https://github.com/cby-chen/Kubernetes 开源不易,帮忙点个star,谢谢了
介绍
kubernetes(k8s)二进制高可用安装部署,支持IPv4+IPv6双栈。
我使用IPV6的目的是在公网进行访问,所以我配置了IPV6静态地址。
若您没有IPV6环境,或者不想使用IPv6,不对主机进行配置IPv6地址即可。
不配置IPV6,不影响后续,不过集群依旧是支持IPv6的。为后期留有扩展可能性。
若不要IPv6 ,不给网卡配置IPv6即可,不要对IPv6相关配置删除或操作,否则会出问题。
强烈建议在Github上查看文档 !!!
Github出问题会更新文档,并且后续尽可能第一时间更新新版本文档 !!!
k8s基础系统环境配置
配置IP
# 注意!
# 若虚拟机是进行克隆的那么网卡的UUID会重复
# 若UUID重复需要重新生成新的UUID
# UUID重复无法获取到IPV6地址
#
# 查看当前的网卡列表和 UUID:
# nmcli con show
# 删除要更改 UUID 的网络连接:
# nmcli con delete uuid <原 UUID>
# 重新生成 UUID:
# nmcli con add type ethernet ifname <接口名称> con-name <新名称>
# 重新启用网络连接:
# nmcli con up <新名称>
# 更改网卡的UUID
ssh root@192.168.1.31 "nmcli con delete uuid 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44;nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 con-name eth0;nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.32 "nmcli con delete uuid 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44;nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 con-name eth0;nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.33 "nmcli con delete uuid 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44;nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 con-name eth0;nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.34 "nmcli con delete uuid 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44;nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 con-name eth0;nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.35 "nmcli con delete uuid 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44;nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 con-name eth0;nmcli con up eth0"
# 参数解释
#
# ssh ssh root@192.168.1.31
# 使用SSH登录到IP为192.168.1.31的主机,使用root用户身份。
#
# nmcli con delete uuid 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44
# 删除 UUID 为 708a1497-2192-43a5-9f03-2ab936fb3c44 的网络连接,这是 NetworkManager 中一种特定网络配置的唯一标识符。
#
# nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 con-name eth0
# 添加一种以太网连接类型,并指定接口名为 eth0,连接名称也为 eth0。
#
# nmcli con up eth0
# 开启 eth0 这个网络连接。
#
# 简单来说,这个命令的作用是删除一个特定的网络连接配置,并添加一个名为 eth0 的以太网连接,然后启用这个新的连接。
# 修改静态的IPv4地址
ssh root@192.168.1.104 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.31/24; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.106 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.32/24; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.107 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.33/24; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.109 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.34/24; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.110 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.35/24; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up eth0"
# 参数解释
#
# ssh root@192.168.1.154
# 使用SSH登录到IP为192.168.1.154的主机,使用root用户身份。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.31/24"
# 修改eth0网络连接的IPv4地址为192.168.1.31,子网掩码为 24。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1"
# 修改eth0网络连接的IPv4网关为192.168.1.1。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual"
# 将eth0网络连接的IPv4配置方法设置为手动。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"
# 将eth0网络连接的IPv4 DNS服务器设置为 8.8.8.8。
#
# "nmcli con up eth0"
# 启动eth0网络连接。
#
# 总体来说,这条命令是通过SSH远程登录到指定的主机,并使用网络管理命令 (nmcli) 修改eth0网络连接的配置,包括IP地址、网关、配置方法和DNS服务器,并启动该网络连接。
# 没有IPv6选择不配置即可
ssh root@192.168.1.31 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.addresses fc00:43f4:1eea:1::10; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.gateway fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.dns "2400:3200::1"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.32 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.addresses fc00:43f4:1eea:1::20; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.gateway fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.dns "2400:3200::1"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.33 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.addresses fc00:43f4:1eea:1::30; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.gateway fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.dns "2400:3200::1"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.34 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.addresses fc00:43f4:1eea:1::40; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.gateway fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.dns "2400:3200::1"; nmcli con up eth0"
ssh root@192.168.1.35 "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.addresses fc00:43f4:1eea:1::50; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.gateway fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.method manual; nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.dns "2400:3200::1"; nmcli con up eth0"
# 参数解释
#
# ssh root@192.168.1.31
# 通过SSH连接到IP地址为192.168.1.31的远程主机,使用root用户进行登录。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.addresses fc00:43f4:1eea:1::10"
# 使用nmcli命令修改eth0接口的IPv6地址为fc00:43f4:1eea:1::10。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.gateway fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1"
# 使用nmcli命令修改eth0接口的IPv6网关为fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.method manual"
# 使用nmcli命令将eth0接口的IPv6配置方法修改为手动配置。
#
# "nmcli con mod eth0 ipv6.dns "2400:3200::1"
# 使用nmcli命令设置eth0接口的IPv6 DNS服务器为2400:3200::1。
#
# "nmcli con up eth0"
# 使用nmcli命令启动eth0接口。
#
# 这个命令的目的是在远程主机上配置eth0接口的IPv6地址、网关、配置方法和DNS服务器,并启动eth0接口。
# 查看网卡配置
# nmcli device show eth0
# nmcli con show eth0
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=eth0
UUID=2aaddf95-3f36-4a48-8626-b55ebf7f53e7
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.31
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=8.8.8.8
[root@localhost ~]#
# 参数解释
#
# TYPE=Ethernet
# 指定连接类型为以太网。
#
# PROXY_METHOD=none
# 指定不使用代理方法。
#
# BROWSER_ONLY=no
# 指定不仅仅在浏览器中使用代理。
#
# BOOTPROTO=none
# 指定自动分配地址的方式为无(即手动配置IP地址)。
#
# DEFROUTE=yes
# 指定默认路由开启。
#
# IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
# 指定IPv4连接失败时不宣告严重错误。
#
# IPV6INIT=yes
# 指定启用IPv6。
#
# IPV6_AUTOCONF=no
# 指定不自动配置IPv6地址。
#
# IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
# 指定默认IPv6路由开启。
#
# IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
# 指定IPv6连接失败时不宣告严重错误。
#
# IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
# 指定IPv6地址生成模式为稳定隐私模式。
#
# NAME=eth0
# 指定设备名称为eth0。
#
# UUID=424fd260-c480-4899-97e6-6fc9722031e8
# 指定设备的唯一标识符。
#
# DEVICE=eth0
# 指定设备名称为eth0。
#
# ONBOOT=yes
# 指定开机自动启用这个连接。
#
# IPADDR=192.168.1.31
# 指定IPv4地址为192.168.1.31。
#
# PREFIX=24
# 指定IPv4地址的子网掩码为24。
#
# GATEWAY=192.168.8.1
# 指定IPv4的网关地址为192.168.8.1。
#
# DNS1=8.8.8.8
# 指定首选DNS服务器为8.8.8.8。
#
# IPV6ADDR=fc00:43f4:1eea:1::10/128
# 指定IPv6地址为fc00:43f4:1eea:1::10,子网掩码为128。
#
# IPV6_DEFAULTGW=fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1
# 指定IPv6的默认网关地址为fc00:43f4:1eea:1::1。
#
# DNS2=2400:3200::1
# 指定备用DNS服务器为2400:3200::1。
设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master02
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master03
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node01
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node02
# 参数解释
#
# 参数: set-hostname
# 解释: 这是hostnamectl命令的一个参数,用于设置系统的主机名。
#
# 参数: k8s-master01
# 解释: 这是要设置的主机名,将系统的主机名设置为"k8s-master01"。
配置yum源
# 其他系统的源地址
# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/
# 对于 Ubuntu
sed -i 's/cn.archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
# 对于 CentOS 7
sudo sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
-e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos|baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos|g' \
-i.bak \
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo
# 对于 CentOS 8
sudo sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
-e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos|g' \
-i.bak \
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo
# 对于私有仓库
sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/\$contentdir|baseurl=http://192.168.1.123/centos|g' -i.bak /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo
# 参数解释
#
# 以上命令是用于更改系统软件源的配置,以便从国内镜像站点下载软件包和更新。
#
# 对于 Ubuntu 系统,将 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件中的软件源地址 cn.archive.ubuntu.com 替换为 mirrors.ustc.edu.cn。
#
# 对于 CentOS 7 系统,将 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo 文件中的 mirrorlist 注释掉,并将 baseurl 的值替换为 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos。
#
# 对于 CentOS 8 系统,同样将 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo 文件中的 mirrorlist 注释掉,并将 baseurl 的值替换为 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos。
#
# 对于私有仓库,将 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo 文件中的 mirrorlist 注释掉,并将 baseurl 的值替换为私有仓库地址 http://192.168.1.123/centos。
#
# 这些命令通过使用 sed 工具和正则表达式,对相应的配置文件进行批量的替换操作,从而更改系统软件源配置。
安装一些必备工具
# 对于 Ubuntu
apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt install -y wget psmisc vim net-tools nfs-kernel-server telnet lvm2 git tar curl
# 对于 CentOS 7
yum update -y && yum -y install wget psmisc vim net-tools nfs-utils telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git tar curl
# 对于 CentOS 8
yum update -y && yum -y install wget psmisc vim net-tools nfs-utils telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git network-scripts tar curl
关闭防火墙
# Ubuntu忽略,CentOS执行
systemctl disable --now firewalld
关闭SELinux
# Ubuntu忽略,CentOS执行
setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config
# 参数解释
#
# setenforce 0
# 此命令用于设置 SELinux 的执行模式。0 表示关闭 SELinux。
#
# sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config
# 该命令使用 sed 工具来编辑 /etc/selinux/config 文件。其中 '-i' 参数表示直接修改原文件,而不是输出到终端或另一个文件。's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' 是 sed 的替换命令,它将文件中所有的 "SELINUX=enforcing" 替换为 "SELINUX=disabled"。这里的 '#' 是分隔符,用于替代传统的 '/' 分隔符,以避免与路径中的 '/' 冲突。
关闭交换分区
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
cat /etc/fstab
# /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
# 参数解释:
#
# -ri: 这个参数用于在原文件中替换匹配的模式。-r表示扩展正则表达式,-i允许直接修改文件。
# 's/.*swap.*/#&/': 这是一个sed命令,用于在文件/etc/fstab中找到包含swap的行,并在行首添加#来注释掉该行。
# /etc/fstab: 这是一个文件路径,即/etc/fstab文件,用于存储文件系统表。
# swapoff -a: 这个命令用于关闭所有启用的交换分区。
# sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0: 这个命令用于修改vm.swappiness参数的值为0,表示系统在物理内存充足时更倾向于使用物理内存而非交换分区。
网络配置(俩种方式二选一)
# Ubuntu忽略,CentOS执行
# 方式一
# systemctl disable --now NetworkManager
# systemctl start network && systemctl enable network
# 方式二
cat > /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/calico.conf << EOF
[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=interface-name:cali*;interface-name:tunl*
EOF
systemctl restart NetworkManager
# 参数解释
#
# 这个参数用于指定不由 NetworkManager 管理的设备。它由以下两个部分组成
#
# interface-name:cali*
# 表示以 "cali" 开头的接口名称被排除在 NetworkManager 管理之外。例如,"cali0", "cali1" 等接口不受 NetworkManager 管理。
#
# interface-name:tunl*
# 表示以 "tunl" 开头的接口名称被排除在 NetworkManager 管理之外。例如,"tunl0", "tunl1" 等接口不受 NetworkManager 管理。
#
# 通过使用这个参数,可以将特定的接口排除在 NetworkManager 的管理范围之外,以便其他工具或进程可以独立地管理和配置这些接口。
进行时间同步
# 服务端
# apt install chrony -y
yum install chrony -y
cat > /etc/chrony.conf << EOF
pool ntp.aliyun.com iburst
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 1.0 3
rtcsync
allow 192.168.1.0/24
local stratum 10
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
leapsectz right/UTC
logdir /var/log/chrony
EOF
systemctl restart chronyd ; systemctl enable chronyd
# 客户端
# apt install chrony -y
yum install chrony -y
cat > /etc/chrony.conf << EOF
pool 192.168.1.31 iburst
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 1.0 3
rtcsync
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
leapsectz right/UTC
logdir /var/log/chrony
EOF
systemctl restart chronyd ; systemctl enable chronyd
#使用客户端进行验证
chronyc sources -v
# 参数解释
#
# pool ntp.aliyun.com iburst
# 指定使用ntp.aliyun.com作为时间服务器池,iburst选项表示在初始同步时会发送多个请求以加快同步速度。
#
# driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
# 指定用于保存时钟漂移信息的文件路径。
#
# makestep 1.0 3
# 设置当系统时间与服务器时间偏差大于1秒时,会以1秒的步长进行调整。如果偏差超过3秒,则立即进行时间调整。
#
# rtcsync
# 启用硬件时钟同步功能,可以提高时钟的准确性。
#
# allow 192.168.0.0/24
# 允许192.168.0.0/24网段范围内的主机与chrony进行时间同步。
#
# local stratum 10
# 将本地时钟设为stratum 10,stratum值表示时钟的准确度,值越小表示准确度越高。
#
# keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
# 指定使用的密钥文件路径,用于对时间同步进行身份验证。
#
# leapsectz right/UTC
# 指定时区为UTC。
#
# logdir /var/log/chrony
# 指定日志文件存放目录。
配置ulimit
ulimit -SHn 65535
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 655350
* hard nproc 655350
* seft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimitedd
EOF
# 参数解释
#
# soft nofile 655360
# soft表示软限制,nofile表示一个进程可打开的最大文件数,默认值为1024。这里的软限制设置为655360,即一个进程可打开的最大文件数为655360。
#
# hard nofile 131072
# hard表示硬限制,即系统设置的最大值。nofile表示一个进程可打开的最大文件数,默认值为4096。这里的硬限制设置为131072,即系统设置的最大文件数为131072。
#
# soft nproc 655350
# soft表示软限制,nproc表示一个用户可创建的最大进程数,默认值为30720。这里的软限制设置为655350,即一个用户可创建的最大进程数为655350。
#
# hard nproc 655350
# hard表示硬限制,即系统设置的最大值。nproc表示一个用户可创建的最大进程数,默认值为4096。这里的硬限制设置为655350,即系统设置的最大进程数为655350。
#
# seft memlock unlimited
# seft表示软限制,memlock表示一个进程可锁定在RAM中的最大内存,默认值为64 KB。这里的软限制设置为unlimited,即一个进程可锁定的最大内存为无限制。
#
# hard memlock unlimited
# hard表示硬限制,即系统设置的最大值。memlock表示一个进程可锁定在RAM中的最大内存,默认值为64 KB。这里的硬限制设置为unlimited,即系统设置的最大内存锁定为无限制。
配置免密登录
# apt install -y sshpass
yum install -y sshpass
ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P ''
export IP="192.168.1.31 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33 192.168.1.34 192.168.1.35"
export SSHPASS=123123
for HOST in $IP;do
sshpass -e ssh-copy-id -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $HOST
done
# 这段脚本的作用是在一台机器上安装sshpass工具,并通过sshpass自动将本机的SSH公钥复制到多个远程主机上,以实现无需手动输入密码的SSH登录。
#
# 具体解释如下:
#
# 1. `apt install -y sshpass` 或 `yum install -y sshpass`:通过包管理器(apt或yum)安装sshpass工具,使得后续可以使用sshpass命令。
#
# 2. `ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P ''`:生成SSH密钥对。该命令会在/root/.ssh目录下生成私钥文件id_rsa和公钥文件id_rsa.pub,同时不设置密码(即-P参数后面为空),方便后续通过ssh-copy-id命令自动复制公钥。
#
# 3. `export IP="192.168.1.31 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33 192.168.1.34 192.168.1.35"`:设置一个包含多个远程主机IP地址的环境变量IP,用空格分隔开,表示要将SSH公钥复制到这些远程主机上。
#
# 4. `export SSHPASS=123123`:设置环境变量SSHPASS,将sshpass所需的SSH密码(在这里是"123123")赋值给它,这样sshpass命令可以自动使用这个密码进行登录。
#
# 5. `for HOST in $IP;do`:遍历环境变量IP中的每个IP地址,并将当前IP地址赋值给变量HOST。
#
# 6. `sshpass -e ssh-copy-id -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $HOST`:使用sshpass工具复制本机的SSH公钥到远程主机。其中,-e选项表示使用环境变量中的密码(即SSHPASS)进行登录,-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no选项表示连接时不检查远程主机的公钥,以避免交互式确认。
#
# 通过这段脚本,可以方便地将本机的SSH公钥复制到多个远程主机上,实现无需手动输入密码的SSH登录。
添加启用源
# Ubuntu忽略,CentOS执行
# 为 RHEL-8或 CentOS-8配置源
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-8.el8.elrepo.noarch.rpm -y
sed -i "s@mirrorlist@#mirrorlist@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
sed -i "s@elrepo.org/linux@mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/elrepo@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
# 为 RHEL-7 SL-7 或 CentOS-7 安装 ELRepo
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm -y
sed -i "s@mirrorlist@#mirrorlist@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
sed -i "s@elrepo.org/linux@mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/elrepo@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
# 查看可用安装包
yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available
升级内核至4.18版本以上
# Ubuntu忽略,CentOS执行
# 安装最新的内核
# 我这里选择的是稳定版kernel-ml 如需更新长期维护版本kernel-lt
yum -y --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml
# 查看已安装那些内核
rpm -qa | grep kernel
# 查看默认内核
grubby --default-kernel
# 若不是最新的使用命令设置
grubby --set-default $(ls /boot/vmlinuz-* | grep elrepo)
# 重启生效
reboot
# v8 整合命令为:
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-8.el8.elrepo.noarch.rpm -y ; sed -i "s@mirrorlist@#mirrorlist@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo ; sed -i "s@elrepo.org/linux@mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/elrepo@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo ; yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available -y ; yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y ; grubby --default-kernel ; reboot
# v7 整合命令为:
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm -y ; sed -i "s@mirrorlist@#mirrorlist@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo ; sed -i "s@elrepo.org/linux@mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/elrepo@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo ; yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available -y ; yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y ; grubby --set-default $(ls /boot/vmlinuz-* | grep elrepo) ; grubby --default-kernel ; reboot
# 离线版本
yum install -y /root/cby/kernel-lt-*-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm ; grubby --set-default $(ls /boot/vmlinuz-* | grep elrepo) ; grubby --default-kernel ; reboot
安装ipvsadm
# 对于CentOS7离线安装
# yum install /root/centos7/ipset-*.el7.x86_64.rpm /root/centos7/lm_sensors-libs-*.el7.x86_64.rpm /root/centos7/ipset-libs-*.el7.x86_64.rpm /root/centos7/sysstat-*.el7_9.x86_64.rpm /root/centos7/ipvsadm-*.el7.x86_64.rpm -y
# 对于 Ubuntu
# apt install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack -y
# 对于 CentOS
yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y
cat >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf <<EOF
ip_vs
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_sh
nf_conntrack
ip_tables
ip_set
xt_set
ipt_set
ipt_rpfilter
ipt_REJECT
ipip
EOF
systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service
lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack
ip_vs_sh 16384 0
ip_vs_wrr 16384 0
ip_vs_rr 16384 0
ip_vs 180224 6 ip_vs_rr,ip_vs_sh,ip_vs_wrr
nf_conntrack 176128 1 ip_vs
nf_defrag_ipv6 24576 2 nf_conntrack,ip_vs
nf_defrag_ipv4 16384 1 nf_conntrack
libcrc32c 16384 3 nf_conntrack,xfs,ip_vs
# 参数解释
#
# ip_vs
# IPVS 是 Linux 内核中的一个模块,用于实现负载均衡和高可用性。它通过在前端代理服务器上分发传入请求到后端实际服务器上,提供了高性能和可扩展的网络服务。
#
# ip_vs_rr
# IPVS 的一种调度算法之一,使用轮询方式分发请求到后端服务器,每个请求按顺序依次分发。
#
# ip_vs_wrr
# IPVS 的一种调度算法之一,使用加权轮询方式分发请求到后端服务器,每个请求按照指定的权重比例分发。
#
# ip_vs_sh
# IPVS 的一种调度算法之一,使用哈希方式根据源 IP 地址和目标 IP 地址来分发请求。
#
# nf_conntrack
# 这是一个内核模块,用于跟踪和管理网络连接,包括 TCP、UDP 和 ICMP 等协议。它是实现防火墙状态跟踪的基础。
#
# ip_tables
# 这是一个内核模块,提供了对 Linux 系统 IP 数据包过滤和网络地址转换(NAT)功能的支持。
#
# ip_set
# 这是一个内核模块,扩展了 iptables 的功能,支持更高效的 IP 地址集合操作。
#
# xt_set
# 这是一个内核模块,扩展了 iptables 的功能,支持更高效的数据包匹配和操作。
#
# ipt_set
# 这是一个用户空间工具,用于配置和管理 xt_set 内核模块。
#
# ipt_rpfilter
# 这是一个内核模块,用于实现反向路径过滤,用于防止 IP 欺骗和 DDoS 攻击。
#
# ipt_REJECT
# 这是一个 iptables 目标,用于拒绝 IP 数据包,并向发送方发送响应,指示数据包被拒绝。
#
# ipip
# 这是一个内核模块,用于实现 IP 封装在 IP(IP-over-IP)的隧道功能。它可以在不同网络之间创建虚拟隧道来传输 IP 数据包。
修改内核参数
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl =15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 16384
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 0
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
# 这些是Linux系统的一些参数设置,用于配置和优化网络、文件系统和虚拟内存等方面的功能。以下是每个参数的详细解释:
#
# 1. net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
# - 这个参数启用了IPv4的IP转发功能,允许服务器作为网络路由器转发数据包。
#
# 2. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
# - 当使用网络桥接技术时,将数据包传递到iptables进行处理。
#
# 3. fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
# - 允许在挂载文件系统时,允许被其他进程使用。
#
# 4. vm.overcommit_memory=1
# - 该设置允许原始的内存过量分配策略,当系统的内存已经被完全使用时,系统仍然会分配额外的内存。
#
# 5. vm.panic_on_oom=0
# - 当系统内存不足(OOM)时,禁用系统崩溃和重启。
#
# 6. fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
# - 设置系统允许一个用户的inotify实例可以监控的文件数目的上限。
#
# 7. fs.file-max=52706963
# - 设置系统同时打开的文件数的上限。
#
# 8. fs.nr_open=52706963
# - 设置系统同时打开的文件描述符数的上限。
#
# 9. net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
# - 设置系统可以创建的网络连接跟踪表项的最大数量。
#
# 10. net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
# - 设置TCP套接字的空闲超时时间(秒),超过该时间没有活动数据时,内核会发送心跳包。
#
# 11. net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
# - 设置未收到响应的TCP心跳探测次数。
#
# 12. net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 15
# - 设置TCP心跳探测的时间间隔(秒)。
#
# 13. net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
# - 设置系统可以使用的TIME_WAIT套接字的最大数量。
#
# 14. net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
# - 启用TIME_WAIT套接字的重新利用,允许新的套接字使用旧的TIME_WAIT套接字。
#
# 15. net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
# - 设置系统可以同时存在的TCP套接字垃圾回收包裹数的最大数量。
#
# 16. net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
# - 设置系统对于孤立的TCP套接字的重试次数。
#
# 17. net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# - 启用TCP SYN cookies保护,用于防止SYN洪泛攻击。
#
# 18. net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
# - 设置新的TCP连接的半连接数(半连接队列)的最大长度。
#
# 19. net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
# - 设置系统可以创建的网络连接跟踪表项的最大数量。
#
# 20. net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
# - 关闭TCP时间戳功能,用于提供更好的安全性。
#
# 21. net.core.somaxconn = 16384
# - 设置系统核心层的连接队列的最大值。
#
# 22. net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0
# - 启用IPv6协议。
#
# 23. net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 0
# - 启用IPv6协议。
#
# 24. net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 0
# - 启用IPv6协议。
#
# 25. net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
# - 允许IPv6数据包转发。
所有节点配置hosts本地解析
cat > /etc/hosts <<EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.31 k8s-master01
192.168.1.32 k8s-master02
192.168.1.33 k8s-master03
192.168.1.34 k8s-node01
192.168.1.35 k8s-node02
192.168.1.36 lb-vip
EOF
配置安装源
简介
Kubernetes是一个开源系统,用于容器化应用的自动部署、扩缩和管理。它将构成应用的容器按逻辑单位进行分组以便于管理和发现。
由于 Kubernetes 官方变更了仓库的存储路径以及使用方式,如果需要使用 1.28 及以上版本,请使用 新版配置方法 进行配置。
下载地址:https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/
新版下载地址:https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/
配置方法
新版配置方法
新版 kubernetes 源使用方法和之前有一定区别,请求按照如下配置方法配置使用。
其中新版 kubernetes 源按照安装版本区分不同仓库,该文档示例为配置 1.30 版本,如需其他版本请在对应位置字符串替换即可。
Debian / Ubuntu
- 在配置中添加镜像(注意修改为自己需要的版本号):
apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.30/deb/Release.key |
gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.28/deb/ /" |
tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
- 安装必要应用:
apt-get update
apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
# 如安装指定版本
# apt install kubelet=1.28.2-00 kubeadm=1.28.2-00 kubectl=1.28.2-00
CentOS / RHEL / Fedora
- 执行如下命令(注意修改为自己需要的版本号):
cat <<EOF | tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.30/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.30/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
EOF
- 安装必要应用:
yum update
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
# 如安装指定版本
# yum install kubelet-1.28.2-0 kubeadm-1.28.2-0 kubectl-1.28.2-0
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
# 将 SELinux 设置为 禁用
sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config
ps: 由于官网未开放同步方式, 可能会有索引gpg检查失败的情况, 这时请用 yum install -y --nogpgcheck kubelet kubeadm kubectl
安装
旧版配置方法
目前由于kubernetes官方变更了仓库的存储路径以及使用方式,旧版 kubernetes 源只更新到 1.28 部分版本,后续更新版本请使用 新源配置方法 进行配置。
Debian / Ubuntu
apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add -
cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF
apt-get update
apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
CentOS / RHEL / Fedora
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
setenforce 0
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
ps: 由于官网未开放同步方式, 可能会有索引gpg检查失败的情况, 这时请用 yum install -y --nogpgcheck kubelet kubeadm kubectl
安装
配置containerd
# 下载所需应用包
wget https://mirrors.chenby.cn/https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.7.16/cri-containerd-cni-1.7.16-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.chenby.cn/https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.4.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.4.1.tgz
# centos7 要升级libseccomp
yum -y install https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/8-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/libseccomp-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
#创建cni插件所需目录
mkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d /opt/cni/bin
#解压cni二进制包
tar xf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v*.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin/
#解压
tar -xzf cri-containerd-cni-*-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /
#创建服务启动文件
cat > /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=containerd container runtime
Documentation=https://containerd.io
After=network.target local-fs.target
[Service]
ExecStartPre=-/sbin/modprobe overlay
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/containerd
Type=notify
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
LimitNOFILE=infinity
TasksMax=infinity
OOMScoreAdjust=-999
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 配置Containerd所需的模块
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF
# 加载模块
systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service
# 配置Containerd所需的内核
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
EOF
# 加载内核
sysctl --system
# 创建Containerd的配置文件
mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default | tee /etc/containerd/config.toml
# 修改Containerd的配置文件
sed -i "s#SystemdCgroup\ \=\ false#SystemdCgroup\ \=\ true#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
cat /etc/containerd/config.toml | grep SystemdCgroup
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io#registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
cat /etc/containerd/config.toml | grep sandbox_image
sed -i "s#config_path\ \=\ \"\"#config_path\ \=\ \"/etc/containerd/certs.d\"#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
cat /etc/containerd/config.toml | grep certs.d
# 配置加速器
mkdir /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io -pv
cat > /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/hosts.toml << EOF
server = "https://docker.io"
[host."https://dockerproxy.com"]
capabilities = ["pull", "resolve"]
EOF
# 启动并设置为开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now containerd.service
systemctl stop containerd.service
systemctl start containerd.service
systemctl restart containerd.service
systemctl status containerd.service
高可用keepalived、haproxy
安装keepalived和haproxy服务
yum -y install keepalived haproxy
修改haproxy配置文件(配置文件一样)
# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg.bak
cat >/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg<<"EOF"
global
maxconn 2000
ulimit-n 16384
log 127.0.0.1 local0 err
stats timeout 30s
defaults
log global
mode http
option httplog
timeout connect 5000
timeout client 50000
timeout server 50000
timeout http-request 15s
timeout http-keep-alive 15s
frontend monitor-in
bind *:33305
mode http
option httplog
monitor-uri /monitor
frontend k8s-master
bind 0.0.0.0:9443
bind 127.0.0.1:9443
mode tcp
option tcplog
tcp-request inspect-delay 5s
default_backend k8s-master
backend k8s-master
mode tcp
option tcplog
option tcp-check
balance roundrobin
default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100
server k8s-master01 192.168.1.31:6443 check
server k8s-master02 192.168.1.32:6443 check
server k8s-master03 192.168.1.33:6443 check
EOF
参数
这段配置代码是指定了一个HAProxy负载均衡器的配置。下面对各部分进行详细解释:
1. global:
- maxconn 2000: 设置每个进程的最大连接数为2000。
- ulimit-n 16384: 设置每个进程的最大文件描述符数为16384。
- log 127.0.0.1 local0 err: 指定日志的输出地址为本地主机的127.0.0.1,并且只记录错误级别的日志。
- stats timeout 30s: 设置查看负载均衡器统计信息的超时时间为30秒。
2. defaults:
- log global: 使默认日志与global部分相同。
- mode http: 设定负载均衡器的工作模式为HTTP模式。
- option httplog: 使负载均衡器记录HTTP协议的日志。
- timeout connect 5000: 设置与后端服务器建立连接的超时时间为5秒。
- timeout client 50000: 设置与客户端的连接超时时间为50秒。
- timeout server 50000: 设置与后端服务器连接的超时时间为50秒。
- timeout http-request 15s: 设置处理HTTP请求的超时时间为15秒。
- timeout http-keep-alive 15s: 设置保持HTTP连接的超时时间为15秒。
3. frontend monitor-in:
- bind *:33305: 监听所有IP地址的33305端口。
- mode http: 设定frontend的工作模式为HTTP模式。
- option httplog: 记录HTTP协议的日志。
- monitor-uri /monitor: 设置监控URI为/monitor。
4. frontend k8s-master:
- bind 0.0.0.0:9443: 监听所有IP地址的9443端口。
- bind 127.0.0.1:9443: 监听本地主机的9443端口。
- mode tcp: 设定frontend的工作模式为TCP模式。
- option tcplog: 记录TCP协议的日志。
- tcp-request inspect-delay 5s: 设置在接收到请求后延迟5秒进行检查。
- default_backend k8s-master: 设置默认的后端服务器组为k8s-master。
5. backend k8s-master:
- mode tcp: 设定backend的工作模式为TCP模式。
- option tcplog: 记录TCP协议的日志。
- option tcp-check: 启用TCP检查功能。
- balance roundrobin: 使用轮询算法进行负载均衡。
- default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100: 设置默认的服务器参数。
- server k8s-master01 192.168.1.31:6443 check: 增加一个名为k8s-master01的服务器,IP地址为192.168.1.31,端口号为6443,并对其进行健康检查。
- server k8s-master02 192.168.1.32:6443 check: 增加一个名为k8s-master02的服务器,IP地址为192.168.1.32,端口号为6443,并对其进行健康检查。
- server k8s-master03 192.168.1.33:6443 check: 增加一个名为k8s-master03的服务器,IP地址为192.168.1.33,端口号为6443,并对其进行健康检查。
以上就是这段配置代码的详细解释。它主要定义了全局配置、默认配置、前端监听和后端服务器组的相关参数和设置。通过这些配置,可以实现负载均衡和监控功能。
Master01配置keepalived master节点
#cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
# 注意网卡名
interface eth0
mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.31
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
nopreempt
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.36
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
} }
EOF
Master02配置keepalived backup节点
# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
# 注意网卡名
interface eth0
mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.32
virtual_router_id 51
priority 80
nopreempt
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.36
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
} }
EOF
Master03配置keepalived backup节点
# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
# 注意网卡名
interface eth0
mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 50
nopreempt
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.36
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
} }
EOF
参数
这是一个用于配置keepalived的配置文件。下面是对每个部分的详细解释:
- `global_defs`部分定义了全局参数。
- `router_id`参数指定了当前路由器的标识,这里设置为"LVS_DEVEL"。
- `vrrp_script`部分定义了一个VRRP脚本。`chk_apiserver`是脚本的名称,
- `script`参数指定了脚本的路径。该脚本每5秒执行一次,返回值为0表示服务正常,返回值为1表示服务异常。
- `weight`参数指定了根据脚本返回的值来调整优先级,这里设置为-5。
- `fall`参数指定了失败阈值,当连续2次脚本返回值为1时认为服务异常。
- `rise`参数指定了恢复阈值,当连续1次脚本返回值为0时认为服务恢复正常。
- `vrrp_instance`部分定义了一个VRRP实例。`VI_1`是实例的名称。
- `state`参数指定了当前实例的状态,这里设置为MASTER表示当前实例是主节点。
- `interface`参数指定了要监听的网卡,这里设置为eth0。
- `mcast_src_ip`参数指定了VRRP报文的源IP地址,这里设置为192.168.1.31。
- `virtual_router_id`参数指定了虚拟路由器的ID,这里设置为51。
- `priority`参数指定了实例的优先级,优先级越高(数值越大)越有可能被选为主节点。
- `nopreempt`参数指定了当主节点失效后不要抢占身份,即不要自动切换为主节点。
- `advert_int`参数指定了发送广播的间隔时间,这里设置为2秒。
- `authentication`部分指定了认证参数
- `auth_type`参数指定了认证类型,这里设置为PASS表示使用密码认证,
- `auth_pass`参数指定了认证密码,这里设置为K8SHA_KA_AUTH。
- `virtual_ipaddress`部分指定了虚拟IP地址,这里设置为192.168.1.36。
- `track_script`部分指定了要跟踪的脚本,这里跟踪了chk_apiserver脚本。
健康检查脚本配置(lb主机)
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh << EOF
#!/bin/bash
err=0
for k in \$(seq 1 3)
do
check_code=\$(pgrep haproxy)
if [[ \$check_code == "" ]]; then
err=\$(expr \$err + 1)
sleep 1
continue
else
err=0
break
fi
done
if [[ \$err != "0" ]]; then
echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
/usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
EOF
# 给脚本授权
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh
# 这段脚本是一个简单的bash脚本,主要用来检查是否有名为haproxy的进程正在运行。
#
# 脚本的主要逻辑如下:
# 1. 首先设置一个变量err为0,用来记录错误次数。
# 2. 使用一个循环,在循环内部执行以下操作:
# a. 使用pgrep命令检查是否有名为haproxy的进程在运行。如果不存在该进程,将err加1,并暂停1秒钟,然后继续下一次循环。
# b. 如果存在haproxy进程,将err重置为0,并跳出循环。
# 3. 检查err的值,如果不为0,表示检查失败,输出一条错误信息并执行“systemctl stop keepalived”命令停止keepalived进程,并退出脚本返回1。
# 4. 如果err的值为0,表示检查成功,退出脚本返回0。
#
# 该脚本的主要作用是检查是否存在运行中的haproxy进程,如果无法检测到haproxy进程,将停止keepalived进程并返回错误状态。如果haproxy进程存在,则返回成功状态。这个脚本可能是作为一个健康检查脚本的一部分,在确保haproxy服务可用的情况下,才继续运行其他操作。
启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
# 用于重新加载systemd管理的单位文件。当你新增或修改了某个单位文件(如.service文件、.socket文件等),需要运行该命令来刷新systemd对该文件的配置。
systemctl enable --now haproxy.service
# 启用并立即启动haproxy.service单元。haproxy.service是haproxy守护进程的systemd服务单元。
systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
# 启用并立即启动keepalived.service单元。keepalived.service是keepalived守护进程的systemd服务单元。
systemctl status haproxy.service
# haproxy.service单元的当前状态,包括运行状态、是否启用等信息。
systemctl status keepalived.service
# keepalived.service单元的当前状态,包括运行状态、是否启用等信息。
测试高可用
# 能ping同
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# ping 192.168.1.36
# 能telnet访问
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.36 9443
# 关闭主节点,看vip是否漂移到备节点
初始化安装
# 查看最新版本有那些镜像
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm config images list --image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.30.0
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.30.0
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.30.0
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.30.0
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.11.1
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.12-0
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
# 创建默认配置
kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm-init.yaml
# 这是我使用的配置文件
cat > kubeadm.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
- system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
ttl: 72h0m0s
usages:
- signing
- authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
advertiseAddress: 192.168.1.31
bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
criSocket: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
kubeletExtraArgs:
# 这里使用maser01的IP
node-ip: 192.168.1.31,2408:822a:730:af01::7d8
taints:
- effect: PreferNoSchedule
key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
---
apiServer:
certSANs:
- x.oiox.cn
- k8s-master01
- k8s-master02
- k8s-master03
- 192.168.1.31
- 192.168.1.32
- 192.168.1.33
- 192.168.1.34
- 192.168.1.35
- 192.168.1.36
- 192.168.1.60
- 127.0.0.1
timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
local:
dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.30.0
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
networking:
dnsDomain: cluster.local
podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16,2408:822a:730:af01::/64
serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/16,2408:822a:730:af01::/112
scheduler: {}
# 这里使用的是负载地址
controlPlaneEndpoint: "192.168.1.36:9443"
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs
---
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 0s
clusterDNS:
- 10.96.0.10
clusterDomain: cluster.local
cpuManagerReconcilePeriod: 0s
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 0s
fileCheckFrequency: 0s
healthzBindAddress: 127.0.0.1
healthzPort: 10248
httpCheckFrequency: 0s
imageMinimumGCAge: 0s
kind: KubeletConfiguration
cgroupDriver: systemd
logging: {}
memorySwap: {}
nodeStatusReportFrequency: 0s
nodeStatusUpdateFrequency: 0s
rotateCertificates: true
runtimeRequestTimeout: 0s
shutdownGracePeriod: 0s
shutdownGracePeriodCriticalPods: 0s
staticPodPath: /etc/kubernetes/manifests
streamingConnectionIdleTimeout: 0s
syncFrequency: 0s
volumeStatsAggPeriod: 0s
EOF
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.30.0
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
W0505 03:06:30.873603 10998 checks.go:844] detected that the sandbox image "m.daocloud.io/registry.k8s.io/pause:3.8" of the container runtime is inconsistent with that used by kubeadm.It is recommended to use "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9" as the CRI sandbox image.
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local x.oiox.cn] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.36 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33 192.168.1.34 192.168.1.35 192.168.1.60 127.0.0.1]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 localhost] and IPs [192.168.1.31 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 localhost] and IPs [192.168.1.31 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
W0505 03:06:33.121345 10998 endpoint.go:57] [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
W0505 03:06:33.297328 10998 endpoint.go:57] [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "super-admin.conf" kubeconfig file
W0505 03:06:33.403541 10998 endpoint.go:57] [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
W0505 03:06:33.552221 10998 endpoint.go:57] [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
W0505 03:06:33.625848 10998 endpoint.go:57] [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[kubelet-check] Waiting for a healthy kubelet. This can take up to 4m0s
[kubelet-check] The kubelet is healthy after 501.155946ms
[api-check] Waiting for a healthy API server. This can take up to 4m0s
[api-check] The API server is healthy after 16.665034989s
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master01 as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers]
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master01 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:PreferNoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
W0505 03:06:54.233183 10998 endpoint.go:57] [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.1.36:9443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:583ddadd1318dae447c3890aa3a2469c5b00c6775e87102458db07e691c724be \
--control-plane
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.1.36:9443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:583ddadd1318dae447c3890aa3a2469c5b00c6775e87102458db07e691c724be
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
# 重新初始化
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm reset
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
# 使用脚本将这如果你睡拷贝到其他maser节点
USER=root
CONTROL_PLANE_IPS="192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33"
for host in ${CONTROL_PLANE_IPS}; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt "${USER}"@$host:
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.key "${USER}"@$host:
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key "${USER}"@$host:
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub "${USER}"@$host:
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt "${USER}"@$host:
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.key "${USER}"@$host:
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt "${USER}"@$host:etcd-ca.crt
# 如果你正使用外部 etcd,忽略下一行
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.key "${USER}"@$host:etcd-ca.key
done
# 在其他的maser上面执行 ,将证书文件放入所需目录
USER=root
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
mv /${USER}/ca.crt /etc/kubernetes/pki/
mv /${USER}/ca.key /etc/kubernetes/pki/
mv /${USER}/sa.pub /etc/kubernetes/pki/
mv /${USER}/sa.key /etc/kubernetes/pki/
mv /${USER}/front-proxy-ca.crt /etc/kubernetes/pki/
mv /${USER}/front-proxy-ca.key /etc/kubernetes/pki/
mv /${USER}/etcd-ca.crt /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt
# 如果你正使用外部 etcd,忽略下一行
mv /${USER}/etcd-ca.key /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.key
# 在maser02上执行操作,将加入控制节点
cat > kubeadm-join-master-02.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
kind: JoinConfiguration
controlPlane:
localAPIEndpoint:
advertiseAddress: "192.168.1.32"
bindPort: 6443
discovery:
bootstrapToken:
apiServerEndpoint: 192.168.1.36:9443
token: "abcdef.0123456789abcdef"
caCertHashes:
- "sha256:583ddadd1318dae447c3890aa3a2469c5b00c6775e87102458db07e691c724be"
# 请更改上面的认证信息,使之与你的集群中实际使用的令牌和 CA 证书匹配
nodeRegistration:
kubeletExtraArgs:
node-ip: 192.168.1.32,2408:822a:730:af01::fab
EOF
kubeadm join --config=kubeadm-join-master-02.yaml
# 在maser03上执行操作,将加入控制节点
cat > kubeadm-join-master-03.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
kind: JoinConfiguration
controlPlane:
localAPIEndpoint:
advertiseAddress: "192.168.1.33"
bindPort: 6443
discovery:
bootstrapToken:
apiServerEndpoint: 192.168.1.36:9443
token: "abcdef.0123456789abcdef"
caCertHashes:
- "sha256:583ddadd1318dae447c3890aa3a2469c5b00c6775e87102458db07e691c724be"
# 请更改上面的认证信息,使之与你的集群中实际使用的令牌和 CA 证书匹配
nodeRegistration:
kubeletExtraArgs:
node-ip: 192.168.1.33,2408:822a:730:af01::bea
EOF
kubeadm join --config=kubeadm-join-master-03.yaml
# 在node02上执行操作,将加入工作节点
cat > kubeadm-join-node-01.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
kind: JoinConfiguration
discovery:
bootstrapToken:
apiServerEndpoint: 192.168.1.36:9443
token: "abcdef.0123456789abcdef"
caCertHashes:
- "sha256:583ddadd1318dae447c3890aa3a2469c5b00c6775e87102458db07e691c724be"
# 请更改上面的认证信息,使之与你的集群中实际使用的令牌和 CA 证书匹配
nodeRegistration:
kubeletExtraArgs:
node-ip: 192.168.1.34,2408:822a:730:af01::bcf
EOF
kubeadm join --config=kubeadm-join-node-01.yaml
# 在node02上执行操作,将加入工作节点
cat > kubeadm-join-node-02.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
kind: JoinConfiguration
discovery:
bootstrapToken:
apiServerEndpoint: 192.168.1.36:9443
token: "abcdef.0123456789abcdef"
caCertHashes:
- "sha256:583ddadd1318dae447c3890aa3a2469c5b00c6775e87102458db07e691c724be"
# 请更改上面的认证信息,使之与你的集群中实际使用的令牌和 CA 证书匹配
nodeRegistration:
kubeletExtraArgs:
node-ip: 192.168.1.35,2408:822a:730:af01::443
EOF
kubeadm join --config=kubeadm-join-node-02.yaml
查看集群状态
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 NotReady control-plane 2m14s v1.30.0
k8s-master02 NotReady control-plane 48s v1.30.0
k8s-master03 NotReady control-plane 30s v1.30.0
k8s-node01 NotReady <none> 19s v1.30.0
k8s-node02 NotReady <none> 9s v1.30.0
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
安装Calico
更改calico网段
# 下载所需yaml文件
wget https://mirrors.chenby.cn/https://github.com/projectcalico/calico/blob/master/manifests/calico-typha.yaml
# 备份脚本文件
cp calico-typha.yaml calico.yaml
cp calico-typha.yaml calico-ipv6.yaml
# 修改脚本文件中配置项
# vim calico.yaml
# calico-config ConfigMap处
"ipam": {
"type": "calico-ipam",
},
- name: IP
value: "autodetect"
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
value: "172.16.0.0/12"
vim calico-ipv6.yaml
# calico-config ConfigMap处
"ipam": {
"type": "calico-ipam",
"assign_ipv4": "true",
"assign_ipv6": "true"
},
- name: IP
value: "autodetect"
- name: IP6
value: "autodetect"
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
value: "10.244.0.0/16"
- name: CALICO_IPV6POOL_CIDR
value: "2408:822a:730:af01::/64"
- name: FELIX_IPV6SUPPORT
value: "true"
# 设置IPv6 vxLAN的模式为CrossSubnet
# 如果节点跨了子网,pod通信用vxlan封装,注意该功能3.23版本后才支持
- name: CALICO_IPV6POOL_VXLAN
value: "CrossSubnet"
# 增加环境变量,开启IPv6 pool nat outgoing功能
- name: CALICO_IPV6POOL_NAT_OUTGOING
value: "true"
# 若docker镜像拉不下来,可以使用国内的仓库
# sed -i "s#docker.io/calico/#m.daocloud.io/docker.io/calico/#g" calico.yaml
# sed -i "s#docker.io/calico/#m.daocloud.io/docker.io/calico/#g" calico-ipv6.yaml
# sed -i "s#m.daocloud.io/docker.io/calico/#docker.io/calico/#g" calico.yaml
# sed -i "s#m.daocloud.io/docker.io/calico/#docker.io/calico/#g" calico-ipv6.yaml
# 本地没有公网 IPv6 使用 calico.yaml
# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
# 本地有公网 IPv6 使用 calico-ipv6.yaml
kubectl apply -f calico-ipv6.yaml
查看容器状态
# calico 初始化会很慢 需要耐心等待一下,大约十分钟左右
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pod -A| grep calico
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-57cf4498-rqhhz 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
kube-system calico-node-4mbth 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
kube-system calico-node-624z2 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
kube-system calico-node-646qq 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
kube-system calico-node-7m4z8 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
kube-system calico-node-889qb 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
kube-system calico-typha-7746b44b78-kcgkx 1/1 Running 0 4m1s
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
查看集群
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready control-plane 10m v1.30.0
k8s-master02 Ready control-plane 9m3s v1.30.0
k8s-master03 Ready control-plane 8m45s v1.30.0
k8s-node01 Ready <none> 8m34s v1.30.0
k8s-node02 Ready <none> 8m24s v1.30.0
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-57cf4498-rqhhz 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system calico-node-4mbth 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system calico-node-624z2 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system calico-node-646qq 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system calico-node-7m4z8 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system calico-node-889qb 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system calico-typha-7746b44b78-kcgkx 1/1 Running 0 93s
kube-system coredns-7c445c467-kmjd7 1/1 Running 0 10m
kube-system coredns-7c445c467-xzhn6 1/1 Running 0 10m
kube-system etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 5 10m
kube-system etcd-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 70 9m8s
kube-system etcd-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 8m50s
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 5 10m
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 70 9m8s
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 8m50s
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 5 10m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 2 9m8s
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 2 8m50s
kube-system kube-proxy-74c8q 1/1 Running 0 8m52s
kube-system kube-proxy-g6mcf 1/1 Running 0 8m31s
kube-system kube-proxy-lcrv7 1/1 Running 0 10m
kube-system kube-proxy-qbvc8 1/1 Running 0 8m41s
kube-system kube-proxy-vxhh9 1/1 Running 0 9m10s
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 5 10m
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 2 9m8s
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 2 8m50s
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
集群验证
部署pod资源
cat<<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: busybox
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: busybox
image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
command:
- sleep
- "3600"
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
restartPolicy: Always
EOF
# 查看
kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 0 17s
用pod解析默认命名空间中的kubernetes
# 查看name
kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 17h
# 进行解析
kubectl exec busybox -n default -- nslookup kubernetes
3Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes
Address 1: 10.96.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
测试跨命名空间是否可以解析
# 查看有那些name
kubectl get svc -A
NAMESPACE NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
default kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 76m
kube-system calico-typha ClusterIP 10.105.100.82 <none> 5473/TCP 35m
kube-system coredns-coredns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP 8m14s
kube-system metrics-server ClusterIP 10.105.60.31 <none> 443/TCP 109s
# 进行解析
kubectl exec busybox -n default -- nslookup coredns-coredns.kube-system
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 coredns-coredns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: coredns-coredns.kube-system
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 coredns-coredns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
[root@k8s-master01 metrics-server]#
每个节点都必须要能访问Kubernetes的kubernetes svc 443和kube-dns的service 53
telnet 10.96.0.1 443
Trying 10.96.0.1...
Connected to 10.96.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
telnet 10.96.0.10 53
Trying 10.96.0.10...
Connected to 10.96.0.10.
Escape character is '^]'.
curl 10.96.0.10:53
curl: (52) Empty reply from server
Pod和Pod之前要能通
kubectl get po -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
busybox 1/1 Running 0 17m 172.27.14.193 k8s-node02 <none> <none>
kubectl get po -n kube-system -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
calico-kube-controllers-76754ff848-pw4xg 1/1 Running 0 38m 172.25.244.193 k8s-master01 <none> <none>
calico-node-97m55 1/1 Running 0 38m 192.168.1.34 k8s-node01 <none> <none>
calico-node-hlz7j 1/1 Running 0 38m 192.168.1.32 k8s-master02 <none> <none>
calico-node-jtlck 1/1 Running 0 38m 192.168.1.33 k8s-master03 <none> <none>
calico-node-lxfkf 1/1 Running 0 38m 192.168.1.35 k8s-node02 <none> <none>
calico-node-t667x 1/1 Running 0 38m 192.168.1.31 k8s-master01 <none> <none>
calico-typha-59d75c5dd4-gbhfp 1/1 Running 0 38m 192.168.1.35 k8s-node02 <none> <none>
coredns-coredns-c5c6d4d9b-bd829 1/1 Running 0 10m 172.25.92.65 k8s-master02 <none> <none>
metrics-server-7c8b55c754-w7q8v 1/1 Running 0 3m56s 172.17.125.3 k8s-node01 <none> <none>
# 进入busybox ping其他节点上的pod
kubectl exec -ti busybox -- sh
/ # ping 192.168.1.34
PING 192.168.1.34 (192.168.1.34): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.1.34: seq=0 ttl=63 time=0.358 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.34: seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.668 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.34: seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.637 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.34: seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.624 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.34: seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.907 ms
# 可以连通证明这个pod是可以跨命名空间和跨主机通信的
创建三个副本,可以看到3个副本分布在不同的节点上(用完可以删了)
cat<<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80
EOF
kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 0 6m25s
nginx-deployment-9456bbbf9-4bmvk 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-9456bbbf9-9rcdk 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-9456bbbf9-dqv8s 1/1 Running 0 8s
# 删除nginx
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl delete deployments nginx-deployment
测试IPV6
# 创建测试服务
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat > cby.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: chenby
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: chenby
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: chenby
spec:
containers:
- name: chenby
image: nginx
resources:
limits:
memory: "128Mi"
cpu: "500m"
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: chenby
spec:
ipFamilyPolicy: RequireDualStack
ipFamilies:
- IPv6
- IPv4
type: NodePort
selector:
app: chenby
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
EOF
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl apply -f cby.yaml
# 查看pod情况
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
chenby-868fd8f687-727hd 1/1 Running 0 23s
chenby-868fd8f687-lrxsr 1/1 Running 0 23s
chenby-868fd8f687-n7f2k 1/1 Running 0 23s
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
# 查看svc情况
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
chenby NodePort 2408:822a:730:af01::4466 <none> 80:30921/TCP 2m40s
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 58m
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
# 在集群内访问,需要在pod所在的节点上执行测试
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# curl -g -6 [2408:822a:730:af01::4466]
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@k8s-node01 ~]#
# 在集群内访问node地址,集群内需要在pod所在的节点上执行测试,集群外任意节点即可访问
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# curl -g -6 [2408:822a:730:af01::bcf]:30921
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@k8s-node01 ~]#
# 测试ipv4地址
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.31:30921/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
安装Metrics-Server
# 下载
wget https://mirrors.chenby.cn/https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/latest/download/components.yaml
# 修改配置
vim components.yaml
# 修改此处 添加 - --kubelet-insecure-tls
- args:
- --cert-dir=/tmp
- --secure-port=10250
- --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname
- --kubelet-use-node-status-port
- --metric-resolution=15s
- --kubelet-insecure-tls
# 修改镜像地址
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io/metrics-server#registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers#g" components.yaml
cat components.yaml | grep image
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl apply -f components.yaml
# 需要稍等一会才可查看到
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl top node
NAME CPU(cores) CPU% MEMORY(bytes) MEMORY%
k8s-master01 196m 4% 2270Mi 58%
k8s-master02 165m 4% 1823Mi 47%
k8s-master03 162m 4% 1784Mi 46%
k8s-node01 72m 1% 1492Mi 38%
k8s-node02 62m 1% 1355Mi 35%
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
安装HELM
wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/helm/v3.14.4/helm-v3.14.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvf helm-*-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/
安装dashboard
# 添加源信息
helm repo add kubernetes-dashboard https://kubernetes.github.io/dashboard/
# 默认参数安装
helm upgrade --install kubernetes-dashboard kubernetes-dashboard/kubernetes-dashboard --create-namespace --namespace kube-system
# 我的集群使用默认参数安装 kubernetes-dashboard-kong 出现异常 8444 端口占用
# 使用下面的命令进行安装,在安装时关闭kong.tls功能
helm upgrade --install kubernetes-dashboard kubernetes-dashboard/kubernetes-dashboard --namespace kube-system --set kong.admin.tls.enabled=false
更改dashboard的svc为NodePort,如果已是请忽略
kubectl edit svc -n kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-kong-proxy
type: NodePort
查看端口号
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc kubernetes-dashboard-kong-proxy -n kube-system
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard-kong-proxy NodePort 10.96.247.74 <none> 443:32457/TCP 2m29s
[root@k8s-master01 ~]#
创建token
cat > dashboard-user.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
EOF
kubectl apply -f dashboard-user.yaml
# 创建token
kubectl -n kube-system create token admin-user
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Ikk0dXVHN05BZ0k3VXQ1ekR3NkMzTThad2tzVkpEbFp0bjAyR1lRYlpObmMifQ.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.JELSXYQM7fRt4ccaBhBe1O_rMvvVGtv_NzN3Hr8TIzxGTc0yvv3lwSP8SygFQVI3a60Y3ZU45khjqYJ5MbmJfO_t3BtjjMXE-WXmqTK4_lSS0urkmZ_7yxwJNwq4keAQYRIXcOJzzEwbhKhKblRoY5GgssW93nAOfcHZZNy2hKXzmlnzBoMbg46P2TmcSeYitYq4yLL877KALvQVUg7OWcUnX68NGWM3kW78Uakurjcx7WGSOZRm-vS2VWn3iyf--3Jz2v-oUHmtPUEj82SE0rXnBMC_VlrSlWBR34gk0p7NLeblAlmuqiY7FEOkWyHbtQmGZuCVm0DUtGnMsqAfew
创建长期token
cat > dashboard-user-token.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
kubernetes.io/service-account.name: "admin-user"
type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
EOF
kubectl apply -f dashboard-user-token.yaml
# 查看密码
kubectl get secret admin-user -n kube-system -o jsonpath={".data.token"} | base64 -d
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Ikk0dXVHN05BZ0k3VXQ1ekR3NkMzTThad2tzVkpEbFp0bjAyR1lRYlpObmMifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJmN2NiYWYwYi04ZWQwLTRmZTgtOGU0ZS1kZTBkMTNkOTlkMmEiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.B5UxbBooSeV5M9PfOhSp5bCwBs5434u3y1tjCmfEuKKfUYbwYMq2jsjm4n9M816kKWG30NoQ8aqVxfJK2EKThSURLMhhr4idq2E_ndftXel-fE4dqDfHj8jfDcuvfXMXJhsNFkD6jcQW25aMl_W1u8_5A5xNAE9EkspkQWYAiBFJHZO6jd5Evt134Q0i9mPGqw-kqK7QOaBoVlYPlJd4jPdrPUoIyx0VLj9rjNcYTFWhe_qkBndcu28nM33NfG9D-Qj6Z29_-rT3BrpCfe54S3ihdsn5YNxu3UQrKM6Vaquwgq0Z4SnMHUfSvV1OwsYGLeLC6gb8dgtVhwF5tJIuAQ
登录dashboard
https://192.168.1.31:32457/
ingress安装
执行部署
wget https://mirrors.chenby.cn/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/main/deploy/static/provider/cloud/deploy.yaml
# 修改为国内源 docker源可选
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io#k8s.dockerproxy.com#g" *.yaml
cat deploy.yaml | grep image
cat > backend.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: default-http-backend
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
containers:
- name: default-http-backend
image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/chenby/defaultbackend-amd64:1.5
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 8080
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 5
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
resources:
limits:
cpu: 10m
memory: 20Mi
requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 20Mi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: default-http-backend
namespace: kube-system
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 8080
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
EOF
kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
kubectl apply -f backend.yaml
cat > ingress-demo-app.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: hello-server
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: hello-server
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: hello-server
spec:
containers:
- name: hello-server
image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/hello-server
ports:
- containerPort: 9000
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-demo
name: nginx-demo
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-demo
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-demo
name: nginx-demo
spec:
selector:
app: nginx-demo
ports:
- port: 8000
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: hello-server
name: hello-server
spec:
selector:
app: hello-server
ports:
- port: 8000
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 9000
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-host-bar
spec:
ingressClassName: nginx
rules:
- host: "hello.chenby.cn"
http:
paths:
- pathType: Prefix
path: "/"
backend:
service:
name: hello-server
port:
number: 8000
- host: "demo.chenby.cn"
http:
paths:
- pathType: Prefix
path: "/nginx"
backend:
service:
name: nginx-demo
port:
number: 8000
EOF
# 等创建完成后在执行:
kubectl apply -f ingress-demo-app.yaml
kubectl get ingress
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-host-bar nginx hello.chenby.cn,demo.chenby.cn 192.168.1.32 80 7s
过滤查看ingress端口
# 修改为nodeport
kubectl edit svc -n ingress-nginx ingress-nginx-controller
type: NodePort
[root@hello ~/yaml]# kubectl get svc -A | grep ingress
ingress-nginx ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.104.231.36 <none> 80:32636/TCP,443:30579/TCP 104s
ingress-nginx ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.101.85.88 <none> 443/TCP 105s
[root@hello ~/yaml]#
ingress测试
cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF
192.168.1.31 hello.chenby.cn
192.168.1.31 demo.chenby.cn
EOF
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# curl hello.chenby.cn:32472
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# curl demo.chenby.cn:32472
安装 Grafana Prometheus Altermanager 套件
下载离线包
# 添加 prometheus-community 官方Helm Chart仓库
helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
# 下载离线包
helm pull prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack
# 解压下载下来的包
tar xvf kube-prometheus-stack-*.tgz
修改镜像地址
# 进入目录进行修改images地址
cd kube-prometheus-stack/
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io#k8s.dockerproxy.com#g" charts/kube-state-metrics/values.yaml
sed -i "s#quay.io#quay.dockerproxy.com#g" charts/kube-state-metrics/values.yaml
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io#k8s.dockerproxy.com#g" values.yaml
sed -i "s#quay.io#quay.dockerproxy.com#g" values.yaml
安装
# 进行安装
helm install op . --create-namespace --namespace op
NAME: op
LAST DEPLOYED: Sun May 5 12:43:26 2024
NAMESPACE: op
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
kube-prometheus-stack has been installed. Check its status by running:
kubectl --namespace op get pods -l "release=op"
Visit https://github.com/prometheus-operator/kube-prometheus for instructions on how to create & configure Alertmanager and Prometheus instances using the Operator.
修改 svc
# 修改 svc 将其设置为NodePort
kubectl edit svc -n op op-grafana
kubectl edit svc -n op op-kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus
type: NodePort
查看
[root@hello ~/yaml]# kubectl --namespace op get pods -l "release=op"
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
op-kube-prometheus-stack-operator-5c586dfc7f-hmqdf 1/1 Running 0 96s
op-kube-state-metrics-57d49c9db4-r2mvn 1/1 Running 0 96s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-7lrks 1/1 Running 0 96s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-7q2ns 1/1 Running 0 96s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-9xblm 1/1 Running 0 96s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-gf6gf 1/1 Running 0 96s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-h976s 1/1 Running 0 96s
[root@hello ~/yaml]#
# 查看svc
[root@hello ~/yaml]# kubectl --namespace op get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
alertmanager-operated ClusterIP None <none> 9093/TCP,9094/TCP,9094/UDP 2m8s
op-grafana NodePort 10.96.28.3 <none> 80:30833/TCP 2m15s
op-kube-prometheus-stack-alertmanager ClusterIP 10.96.134.225 <none> 9093/TCP,8080/TCP 2m15s
op-kube-prometheus-stack-operator ClusterIP 10.96.106.106 <none> 443/TCP 2m15s
op-kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus NodePort 10.96.181.73 <none> 9090:31474/TCP,8080:31012/TCP 2m15s
op-kube-state-metrics ClusterIP 10.96.168.6 <none> 8080/TCP 2m15s
op-prometheus-node-exporter ClusterIP 10.96.43.139 <none> 9100/TCP 2m15s
prometheus-operated ClusterIP None <none> 9090/TCP 2m7s
[root@hello ~/yaml]#
# 查看POD
root@hello:~# kubectl --namespace op get pod
alertmanager-op-kube-prometheus-stack-alertmanager-0 2/2 Running 0 2m32s
op-grafana-6489698854-bhgc5 3/3 Running 0 2m39s
op-kube-prometheus-stack-operator-5c586dfc7f-hmqdf 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
op-kube-state-metrics-57d49c9db4-r2mvn 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-7lrks 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-7q2ns 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-9xblm 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-gf6gf 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
op-prometheus-node-exporter-h976s 1/1 Running 0 2m39s
prometheus-op-kube-prometheus-stack-prometheus-0 2/2 Running 0 2m31s
root@hello:~#
访问
# 访问
http://192.168.1.31:30833
http://192.168.1.31:31474
user: admin
password: prom-operator
安装命令行自动补全功能
yum install bash-completion -y
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
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文本超出代码块的显示范围会需要拉动滚动条来浏览,
但实际现在很多读者都有大屏其实是可以完全展代码块内容的。
所以可以做成自适应吗?目前是都显示在正中(锁定了宽度),大屏两边则是大范围的空白区域。